Atomic Radii
Atomic Radius
Bohr Radius
Covalent Radius
Van der Waals
| Gadolinium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,25,9,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe]] 4f7 5d1 6s2 |
| Electronegativity | 1.2 |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 15.5 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 301 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 37.03 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 10.6 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 9.4 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Magnetic ordering | Ferromagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity | 1.310 Ω m |
| Speed of sound | 2680 m s-1 |
| Young's modulus | 54.8 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 2680 GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 37.9 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.259 |
| Vickers hardness | 570 MPa |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Atomic Radius
|
180 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
233 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
161 pm |
| Van der Waals
|
0 pm |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Gd+2, Gd+3 |
| Other
|
|
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
592.5 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1167 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
1990 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
4250 |